Antimicrobial Efficacy of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. Leaf Extract against Common Pathogens of Sub-Clinical Mastitis in Cows

Deepraj; Jitendra P. Singh; Satyavrat Singh; Dinesh K. Yadav; Ramakant; Debasish  Niyogi; Rajesh K. Joshi; Dharam P. Shrivastava

Deepraj Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Jitendra P. Singh Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Satyavrat Singh Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dinesh K. Yadav Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ramakant Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Debasish Niyogi Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Rajesh K. Joshi Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dharam P. Shrivastava Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya-224229, Uttar Pradesh, India

Keywords: Cattle, MBC, MIC, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis extracts, Sub-clinical Mastitis.

Abstract

This study was conducted during December 2020 to June 2021 by screening 200 cows for sub-clinical mastitis by using California mastitis test and Whiteside test, and the antimicrobial efficacy of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn (Jasmine, Parijatha) leaves extract was studied against mastitis pathogens. The in vitro efficacy of aqueous and methanolic extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves and its combination was studied against a positive control, i.e., antibiotic ciprofloxacin. The isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae showed maximum zone of inhibition against combination of aqueous and methanolic extract, while S. aureus and Escherichia coli showed maximum zone of inhibition against aqueous extract. The methanolic and aqueous extracts, and its combination of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value 50 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, against Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The MIC values of methanolic and combination of both extracts against Escherichia coli was 50 μg/mL in comparison to aqueous extract, i.e., 12.5 μg/mL. The aqueous extract had minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Streptococcus agalactiae as 100 μg/mL. In methanolic and combination extract of N. arbor-tristis the highest value of MBC obtained for Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae was 50 μg/mL each.